| Source control | Full history, branches, commit messages, authorship, ticket links | Git, SVN, TFS, Perforce |
| Build system | Dependency manifests, build configuration, artifact layout | Maven, Gradle, MSBuild, Ant, make, npm, pip |
| Documentation | Wikis, SharePoint, loose Word and PDF, README files, comments | Recorded as claims, never as facts |
| Database schema | Tables, columns, constraints, indexes, views, triggers, stored procedures, jobs | Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Postgres, MySQL, generic JDBC and ODBC |
| Database behaviour | Slow query logs, statement statistics, execution plans, real value profiles | This is what reveals actual meaning |
| Production servers | Process inventory, configuration files, environment variables, scheduler entries, deployed versions | Read-only agent or a supplied snapshot |
| Logs | Application, server and batch job output | Parsed for failure paths and silent errors |
| Metrics | Request rates, latency, error rates, resource use | Prometheus, Datadog, Dynatrace, CloudWatch, AppDynamics |
| Traces | Distributed traces, method-level sampling | OpenTelemetry preferred, vendor APIs supported |
| Ticketing | Defect history, change history, who fixed what | Jira, ServiceNow, Azure DevOps |